Dousha/Vocabulary
From Langmaker
This is a basic Dousha Vocabulary.
Contents |
Affixes
Dousha has some affixes you can use everytime.
Prefixes
This is a little, not-ehaustible list of prefixes.
| Prefix | Origin | Meaning | Sample |
|---|---|---|---|
| ai- | Japanese | between, among | aishaju "interchange" aiami "international" |
| e^- | English "each" | each | etta "each time" |
| ga- ga^- | Japanese | with (comitative) | gatae "with love" gatam "with a nation" gassara "with care" |
| hiki- | Japanese | extract | hikitapuz "orange extract" hikikau "beef products" hikimonmiya "bank statement" |
| mot- mo^- | Japanese | through (insrumental) | motstilo "with a pen" mocharpa "with an harp" motstilosut "to write using a pen" |
| o^- | Japanese | over | ottebbol "over the table" ossher "over the chair" |
| suu- | French "sous" | under | suutebol "under the table" |
| bes- besu- | English beside | Beside | beskaho "beside the car" besekkabe "close to the wall" besuyu "close to you" |
| del- | Spanish adelante | position before | delyu ni "before you" |
| ba^- | English back | back position | babbe ni lu "he is behind the house" |
| le- | English less | without | lestilo "without pen" leharpa "without harp" leutsua "without instrument" |
Do you noticed a ^ (like in ba^-) after some preffixes above? It indicates that when the word begins with a consonnant (except for h), this consonant must be doubled, as of as samples in the table above. If that consonant is h, then it must be changed to ch.
Suffixes
This is a little, not-ehaustible list of suffixes.
| Suffix | Function | Usage | Sample |
|---|---|---|---|
| -ut | verb infinitive | general | mut "to see" oyogut "to swim" |
| -sut | "to do..." verbs | noun stem | aisut "to love" shebosut "to shave" |
| -i | adjective (in present tense) | nouns, verb participles | ayashi "stranger", derived from ayash "strangeness" |
| -sho -sha | nouns | adjective, verb stem, noun stem | oyogusha "swimming" nousha "knowledge" |
| -tsu | nouns | adjective | doyatsu "serveant" hagitsu "santification" |
| -ua | nouns | verb stem | kilua "murder", derived from kilut "to kill" |
| -le | adverb | adjectives in present tense | inokole "innocently", derived from inokoi "innocent" |
.
Stems
Most of Dousha nouns do not have a noun suffix. Commonly, they end with a consonant like mir "peace", el "wing", and so on. Also shorter nouns such as sue "water", inna "fire" and ae "love" do not have noun suffixes. For each of these words, its stem is equal to the noun.
All verbs have stem, and you can obtain it by removing its -ut verb suffix. Adjectives also have a stem if they are primitive, like as suki "to like" and puuki "beautiful". Otherwise, they are derived from nouns, then you can obtain the originer noun by removing the -i suffix.
Words
Some words and its possible meanings;
Legend: Dousha Word IPA - English Meaning
Greetings
- Gumaruna [gu.ma.'ru.na] - Good Morning!
- Gussera [guː.'se.ra] - Good Afternoom!
- Guyoru [gu.'jo.ru] - Good Evening!
- Gusserayou [guː.se.ra.'jo.u] - Good Night! (Like "Good Evening" to be used between 12 p.m. and 5 a.m.)
- Gutta ['guː.ta] - Hello!
- Cyau ['tʃa.u] - Bye!
Kindness & Courtesy
- Benyale [be.'nja.le] - Excuse (e.g., as to go the room while have visitors at your home). From the noun benya "license, authorisation".
- Guradeshite! [gu.ra.de.ʃi.'te] - Thank you
- Sohe! ['so.ʁe] - Excuse-me!
Time and Hour
Day, Time...
- byoo ['bjo.o] - second
- bun ['bu.n] - minute
- taya ['ta.ja] - time, hour
- yom ['jo.m] - day
- getu ['ge.tu] or ketu ['ke.tu] - month
- niomon [ni.o.'mo.n] - Two months
- saomon [sa.o.'mo.n] - Three months
- soomon [so.o.'mo.n] - Six months
- nen ['ne.n] - year
Days of Week
- shuu ['ʃu.u] - week
- shuuyom [ʃu.u.'jo.m] - day of week
- yuuna [ju.'u.na] - Monday
- maruna [ma.'ru.na] - Tuesday
- miekonna [mi.e.ko.'n.na] - Wednesday
- jedina [ʒe.'di.na] - Thursday
- furina [fu.'ri.na] - Friday
- shabato [ʃa.'ba.to] - Saturday
- daina [da.'i.na] - Sunday
Family
- Sam ['sa.m] - Father
- Kaa ['ka.a] - Mother
- Ben ['be.n] - Son
- Ko ['ko] - Daughter
- Kyouda [kjo.'u.da] - brother, sister
- Otou [o.'to.u] - the newer brother
- Imou [i.'mo.u] - the newer sister
- Anie [a.'ni.e] - the older brother
- Anee [a.'ne.e] - the older sister
- Jisau [ʒi.'sa.u] - uncle
- Basau [ba.'sa.u] - aunt
- Jicau [ʒi.'tʃa.u] - grandfather
- Bacau [ba.'tʃa.u] - grandmother
Colors
- ██ Ao ['a.o] - Blue
- ██ Aka ['a.ka] - Red
- ██ Midou [mi.'do.u] - Green
- ██ Jona ['ʒo.na] - Yellow
- ██ Bae ['ba.e] or Vae ['va.e] - White
- ██ Sinza ['si.n.za] - Grey
- ██ Nero ['ne.ro] - Black
Interests & Activities
Art & Painting
- bosuhut [bo.su.'hu] - to outline
- buttingu [buː.'ti.n.gu] - gouache paint
- kanvas ['ka.n.va.s] - canvas, painting screen
- mistungut [mi.s.tu.n.'gu] - to fade
- pastel ['pa.s.te.l] - pastry (tones, paintings)
- suetingu [su.e.'ti.n.gu] - watercolor
- tingu ['ti.n.gu] - paint
- tungut [tu.n.'gu] - to dye, to paint, to color
Informatics
- gabinetu [ga.bi.'ne.tu] - Cabinet
- hakkere [haː.'ke.re] - Hacker
- keiboru [ke.i.'bo.ru] - Keyboard
- mura ['mu.ra] - Mouse
- netsu ['ne.tsu] - Web
- nobreku [no.b.'re.ku] - No-Break
- sepeuu [se.pe.'u.u] - Processor
- tabilzudippo [ta.bi.l.zu.'diː.po] - Stabilizer
- ueba [u.'e.ba] - the Internet
- viza ['vi.za] - the video Monitor
